I have chosen the single word Hec/a in preference to Hecl¢ lava, as being
simpler and more convenient. The ash and scori¢ of this volcano contain Silica, Alumina, Lime,
Magnesia, with some Oxide of Iron. When travelling in Iceland, Garth Wilkinson noticed that
the sheep in the vicinity of Hecla had immense exostoses on the jaws. Another effect noticed was
the drying up of the milk both in sheep and cows. The finer ash which fell on pastures at a
distance, was the most deleterious; the gross ash near the mountain was inert. In cows, post-
mortem examination showed the intestines filled with ashes, hardened to a mass, and stomach
coated over with a pitch-black membrane spotted with brown, and difficult to remove by
washing; the jaw teeth were covered with a shining metallic crust. Several young horses died
from lumps on the jaw-bones, so large as to cause dislocation. Sheep, when slaughtered, were
found to be of bluish hue internally, and the intestines were friable. In many cases worms from
two to three inches long, with pale grey bodies and brown heads, and a little thicker than a horse-
hair, were found in the bronchia. In sheep the osseous and dental systems were much affected.
The head-bones, and especially the jaw-bones, swelled and became so friable that when boiled
they fell to pieces. The thigh, and especially the shin bones, swelled and bulged. The jaws were
sometimes covered with large swellings, which spread and were looser of texture and darker in
colour than the bone; these could be separated from the bone without injuring it; but in some
fatal cases a hole going down to the marrow was discovered under the swelling. Garth Wilkinson
adds to the above that he has used Hec/a with excellent effect in toothache, gum abscess,
swellings about the jaws and in difficult dentition. Clinical experience has shown the power of
Hecla to arrest many forms of bone disease, including osteo-sarcoma, scrofulous and syphilitic
osteitis and exostoses. The swellings amenable to it are painful and sensitive to touch; < from
touch and pressure. The glands are affected almost as much as the bones: "induration and
infiltration of cervical glands, studding neck like a row of pearls." The right side has been more
predominantly affected. The subjoined schema is compiled mainly from cured symptoms.