Lachesis

"The first trituration and first dilution in alcohol of the snake-poison

Trigonocephalus lachesis was made by Hering on July 28, 1828. The first cases were published

in the Archives in 1835. In 1837 this remedy was introduced into our materia medica." I quote

• ▸from Hering's Guiding Symptoms, vol.
• ▸vi.
• ▸, of which Lach.
• ▸occupies nearly one hundred pages,

and comprises the substance of a monograph he was compiling at the time of his death to

celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the introduction of the remedy into the materia medica. To

the genius and the heroism of Hering the world owes this remedy and many another of which

this has been the forerunner. When Hering's first experiments were made he was botanising and

zoologising on the Upper Amazon for the German Government. Except his wife, all those about

him were natives, who told him so much about the dreaded Surukuku that he offered a good

reward for a live specimen. At last one was brought in a bamboo box, and those who brought it

immediately fled, and all his native servants with them. Hering stunned the snake with a blow on

the head as the box opened, then, holding its head in a forked stick, he pressed its venom out of

the poison bag upon sugar of milk. The effect of handling the virus and preparing the lower

attenuations was to throw Hering into a fever with tossing delirium and mania—much to his

wife's dismay. Towards morning he slept, and on waking his mind was clear. He drank a little

water to moisten his throat, and the first question this indomitable prover asked was: "What did I

do and say?" His wife remembered vividly enough. The symptoms were written down, and this

was the first instalment of the proving of Lachesis. The natives crept back one by one next day,

and were astonished to find Hering and his wife alive. The snake grows to seven feet and

upwards in length, has fangs nearly an inch long, a reddish brown skin marked along the back

with blackish brown rhomboidal spots. Nearly all the provings of Lachesis were made with the

• ▸30th and higher attenuations.
• ▸—The four grand characteristics of Lach.
• ▸are: (/) < By sleep.
• ▸(2)

Excessive sensitiveness of the surface with intolerance of touch or constriction. (3) Left-

sidedness, and the direction left to right: symptoms begin on the left side and either remain there

or proceed to the right. (4) > From the onset of a discharge. There is headache > as soon as nasal

catarrh comes on. Uterine pains > as soon as menses appear. The other side of this is < from non-

appearance of an expected discharge, and it is this which is the foundation of the appropriateness

of Lach. to the climacteric state. Wherever one or more of these features is prominent in any case

Lach. will most likely prove the remedy. Homeeopathic literature abounds with illustrations of

the first named—< from sleep. I will take an illustration from Nash: An old syphilitic suffered

from obstinate constipation, and was taken with severe attacks of colic. The pains seemed to

extend all through the abdomen, and always came on at night. The man was not making any

progress, when one day he remarked to Nash, "Doctor, if I could only keep awake I would never

have another attack." And in response to an inquiring look from the doctor, he added, "I mean

• ▸that I sleep into the attack and waken in it.
• ▸" He never had another.
• ▸One dose of Lach.
• ▸200 cured

the colic and the constipation too. "Sleeps into an aggravation;" "< after sleep whether by day or

by night;" "as soon as he falls asleep the breathing stops "—there are endless varieties of forms in

which this peculiarity may be met with. < By closing the eyes (vertigo) is allied to this. But the

presence of the opposite condition > after sleep) does not necessarily contraindicate Lach.

• ▸Rushmore (H.
• ▸P.
• ▸, xii.
• ▸64) cured with Lach.
• ▸c.
• ▸m.
• ▸a married woman who had been a great sufferer

from headache, which always began with dim and aching eyes. The pain was of sharp, neuralgic

character, in temples and eyes, < right side. If she could not be still with it she had nausea and

very bitter vomiting. Sometimes unable to be still a minute, at others could not stir. Brought on

by least fatigue. Keeps her in bed all day, and one attack is scarcely over before another comes

on. Mental excitement, as receiving a call; induces it. With the headaches she is very cold; and

with and after them has a very bitter mouth. Wants to close the eyes with the headache, which is

> by sleep. Smarting in eyeballs and dim vision for several days after headache. During the

headache much heart trouble; after the headache "skipping beats," soreness about head, pain in

• ▸side.
• ▸Loss of appetite after headache.
• ▸Menses regular, painless, too free.
• ▸Leucorrhoea many ears.

A single dose of Lach. was given at the time, and the severe headache left on the way home. A

constant light headache, with heaviness of head in morning, remained some days; but, without

repetition, the remedy completely cured the headaches and the heart trouble as well. The

hemorrhages of Lach. have this peculiarity—they contain flakes of decomposed blood looking

like charred wheat straw. Uterine haemorrhage and hemorrhages in typhoid fever presenting

these characters will find their remedy in Lach. The sensitiveness to contact of Lach. is not so

much on account of pain or aggravation of pain as on account of the uneasiness it causes. In

uterine affections the patient wants to lift the clothes up to prevent contact with lower abdomen.

Touching the throat in laryngeal affections causes suffocative spasms. A minor characteristic of

• ▸Lach.
• ▸is pain in the shin bones.
• ▸"Much pain in shin bones of an aching kind only.
• ▸" This has been

• ▸frequently verified, but W.
• ▸J.
• ▸Guernsey (H.
• ▸P.
• ▸, x.
• ▸476) has pointed out Rat when such pains occur

• ▸concomitantly with throat affections, Lach.
• ▸is specific.
• ▸This I have confirmed.
• ▸Guernsey remarks

that in such cases it will always be found that the throat affection is < on left side or commenced

on left side. According to Hering, Lach. is particularly suitable to those of melancholic

disposition (Such provers showed most symptoms); next, to choleric individuals. Phlegmatic and

lymphatic persons are also suitable, but principally when their dispositions border on the

melancholic, with dark eyes and tendency to laziness and sadness. Lach. does not suit sanguine

persons with high colour, fine, delicate skins, and impressible natures, unless the disease should

have imparted to their disposition a choleric or melancholy tinge. Lach. especially suits choleric

women with freckles and red hair. To this list must be added: Persons who have peculiar

sensitiveness of the surface of the body. Women who "have never been well since the change of

life." Debilitated, weakened persons. Thin rather than fat persons; persons who have been

changed both mentally and physically by their illness. Drunkards. Sufferers from effect of

masturbation. Persons who have been overdosed with Mercury; and to syphilitic, mercurial

affections. Children and old people. Persons who cannot stand the sun and who are < in summer

weather. A patient of mine, a tall, broad-shouldered, very nervous man of forty-seven, who had

fled from the Cape as he could not bear the summer there, sent for me to see him at his hotel

because he did not dare venture out in the middle of the day for fear of being caught in the sun.

• ▸Lach.
• ▸200 soon enabled him to attend garden parties.
• ▸The delirium of Lach.
• ▸is of the low,

muttering type; at times the patient sinks into a torpid state, with cold extremities, tremor of body

• ▸and hands, tremor of tongue.
• ▸Tremor of tongue is a leading feature of many Lach.
• ▸states.
• ▸It not

only trembles, but it catches in the teeth or lower lip when the patient attempts to put it out. The

mind is profoundly disturbed. There are rapidly alternating states: exalted powers, rapid

succession of ideas; and again there is weak memory; frequent mistakes in writing; confusion.

"Frantic loquacity, jumps from one subject to another," is a strong characteristic; "talks, sings, or

mem Wwe

whistles constantly; makes odd motions with arms"; "insane jealousy"; "intense sadness and

anxiety"; "irritable, irascible, peevish, malicious." A curious symptom in the mental sphere is a

• ▸derangement of the time sense.
• ▸It occurs also in Merc.
• ▸(to which Lach.
• ▸is an antidote); but is

more prominent in Lach., when a patient is always making mistakes in the time of day, and

confounds the morning hours with the evening hours, Lach. will generally put this right, if it

does no more. Fainting fits and vertigo on closing eyes; on looking intently at any object; in

• ▸morning on waking.
• ▸Rush of blood to head.
• ▸Sun-headaches.
• ▸Headache with very pale face.

Throbbing headaches in temple, with heat of head. Headache extending into nose; > when nasal

catarrh comes on. A woman, forty-four, to whom I gave Lach. 12 for a poisoned finger,

experienced after each dose a sensation "as if a hand were in her head, moving and squeezing,"

an eruption of spots came out, and she felt as if she had no energy. The finger healed, but when

she left off the medicine on account of the head pains, the finger became worse with cramping

pains and a feeling of pins and needles. There is intense nervous irritability, restless, tossing,

moving; nervous exaltation, hysteria. Trembling in whole body, thinks she will faint or sink

• ▸down from weakness.
• ▸Convulsions, spasms.
• ▸Cases of hydrophobia have been cured with Lach.
• ▸,

the thirst, spasms, sensitiveness and nervous prostration closely corresponding to the symptoms

of rabies. Fainting accompanying other complaints is an indication for Lach.: with pain at heart;

• ▸with nausea; with vertigo and pale face.
• ▸Catalepsy.
• ▸Awkward gait; left side weak.
• ▸Gressus

gallinaceus. Disturbances of sight and hearing are numerous. I have frequently cured with it

noises in the ears when < after sleep. In hay fever it is the remedy when there is headache

extending into nose < on suppression of the discharge, which may occur in sleep; or when the

• ▸paroxysms are < after sleep.
• ▸Sore nostrils and lips.
• ▸Pus and blood from nose.
• ▸Red nose of

drunkards. Dark red eruptions; purplish swellings; black and blue spots are characteristic of

• ▸Lach.
• ▸Ulcer sensitive to least touch.
• ▸Small ulcers surrounding larger.
• ▸The throat is in an especial

degree the seat of the Lach. action. Sore throats of almost all descriptions come within its range,

provided some of the characteristics are present: < after sleep; by touch; symptoms < left side or

proceeding from left to right; cannot bear any pressure about neck; empty swallowing is

agonising, liquids are swallowed with less pain and solids with least pain. Diphtheria, mercurial

and syphilitic sore throat. Fetid breath. The prostration is out of all proportion to the appearance

• ▸of the throat.
• ▸—Lach.
• ▸has sinking at the stomach, and cannot go long without food.
• ▸Unquenchable

thirst. Desires: oysters, wine, coffee (coffee agrees). Symptoms are > after eating, especially after

• ▸fruit.
• ▸The throat symptoms are < by hot drinks.
• ▸Nausea always after drinking.
• ▸Everything sours;

• ▸heartburn.
• ▸Alcoholic drinks < (except the immediate effects of the bite).
• ▸Although Lach.
• ▸is a left-

side medicine, it has a powerful action on the liver as well as the spleen. "Acute pain in liver

extending towards stomach," though contrary to the general "left to right" direction, is

characteristic, as I can testify. Lach. is also one of the most prominent remedies in appendicitis.

• ▸The general characteristics will guide here.
• ▸Bubos.
• ▸Lach.
• ▸and Naja have had the greatest success

of all homceopathic remedies in the recent epidemics of Plague in India. The bladder and rectum

are most painfully affected. There is a very characteristic symptom in the bladder: Sensation as if

a ball were rolling loose in the bladder or abdomen on turning over. The urine is almost black;

frequent; foaming; dark. ("The patient always has to urinate after lying down, day or night,

especially after sleep; more frequent in the night. Urine has little black spots or flakes like soot

• ▸floating in it.
• ▸"—H.
• ▸N.
• ▸Martin.
• ▸) Stitches in kidneys.
• ▸The ball sensation occurs elsewhere: as if a

ball, or lump, or button in throat; as if two balls threatened to close the throat; as if a ball rose

from abdomen to throat; as if a plug were in anus. Many severe and characteristic symptoms

appear in rectum and anus. Diarrhcea of fetid, cadaverous kind and also constipation. Atony of

rectum. Painful hemorrhoids. Visible spasmodic tenesmus in paroxysms, from two to five

minutes, extorting cries; passes blood and mucus. Painful constriction of anus followed by

• ▸collapse.
• ▸Hemorrhoids with scanty menses.
• ▸Burning in rectum.
• ▸Stitch in rectum (upwards) when

coughing or sneezing. Full feeling in rectum, and sensation as of little hammers beating. Tugging

upward sensation as from a mouse. Both ovaries are affected, but principally the left; swelling,

induration, tumours. Menses regular but scanty; pains > when flow is established. In a case of

mine, Lach. 12 postponed menses for a week. Many symptoms occur in connection with menses.

The breasts are affected. I have seen most obstinate and distressing eruptions appear on the

nipples and areolz of a middle-aged woman after a dose of Lach. in high potency. Cancer of the

breast when assuming a bluish appearance will be helped by Lach. Lochia are thin, ichorous,

insufficient. Milk thin, blue, nipples extremely sensitive to touch. In the respiratory sphere the

sensitiveness of the parts to touch, constriction, and < by anything tight round neck, are the

ruling conditions. Tickling, irritating cough. The least thing coming near mouth or nose

• ▸interferes with breathing.
• ▸Sleeps into an attack of asthma.
• ▸Threatened paralysis of lungs.
• ▸The

heart feels too large—cramp-like pain in precordia. Constriction. Palpitation with numbness

• ▸down arm.
• ▸Cyanosis.
• ▸Varicosis.
• ▸Peculiar sensations of Lach.
• ▸(in addition to those already

mentioned) are: As if frightened by visions behind him; as if knives were being thrust into brow;

as if tongue bound or tied up; as if a part of right-side of head cut away; as if a thread was drawn

from behind to eye; stitches as from knives in eyes; eyes as if they had been taken out, squeezed

and put back; ears as if closed from within; as if stuffed up as if insects whizzing in ears; as if he

had a moustache of ice as if a small crumb lodged in throat; as if he had had a blow on neck; as if

a stricture in rectum. As if heart hanging by a thread and every beat would tear it off; as though

heart turned over and ceased beating for a moment; as if heart hadn't room to beat. As if neck

constricted with a cord. (Lach. is one of the remedies for "gridle pain") as if burnt or scalded in

different parts (tongue, tibia, hypogastrium). Burning sensation and pains are a leading feature

throughout this remedy. Lach. is called for in many kinds of fever, particularly intermittents after

abuse of Quinine. The symptoms of Lach. are < in spring or summer; from extremes of

temperature; from sun's rays; change of weather, especially in a warm spell. Must have open air,

which >; but draughts of air < External warmth > (wants head closely wrapped up); hot drinks <

thirst; = toothache and bleeding of gums. Cold weather, cold washing <. Most symptoms appear

or are < at night and in early morning after sleep. Lying down > pain in head; < vertigo, throat,

cough, breathing. Lying right side > earache in right ear; palpitation. Lying left side = pain in

• ▸heart.
• ▸> Sitting bent.
• ▸< Standing or stooping.
• ▸< Motion generally.
• ▸< Contact.
• ▸< Constriction.

Swallowing = stitches into ears. > By discharges.

• ▸Injuries.
• ▸Punctured wounds.
• ▸Poisoned wounds.
• ▸Grief.
• ▸Vexation.
• ▸Anger.
• ▸Fright.

• ▸Jealousy.
• ▸Disappointed love.
• ▸Alcohol.
• ▸Masturbation.
• ▸Sprain (bluish swelling of joints).
• ▸Sun.

Warm weather. Draught of air.

• ▸Great loquacity.
• ▸Amative.
• ▸Sad in the morning; no desire to mix with the world.
• ▸Restless and uneasy; does not wish to attend to business; wants to be off somewhere all the time.
• ▸Jealous (Hyos).
• ▸Mental labor best performed at night.
• ▸Euthanasia.
• ▸Suspicious; nightly delusion of fire.
• ▸Religious insanity (Verat; Stram).
• ▸Derangement of the time sense.

Great anguish, insupportable anxiety, and uneasiness, from which patient seeks relief

in open air.—Fear, and presentiment of death—Discouragement; distrust; easily affected to

tears.—Mental dejection and melancholy, with apprehension, uneasiness about one's malady,

great tendency to give way to sorrow, to look upon the dark side of everything, and to think

oneself persecuted, hated and despised by acquaintances.—Dread of death; fears to go to bed;

fear of being poisoned.—Thinks she is some one else; in the hands of a stronger power; that she

is dead and preparations are being made for her funeral; that she is nearly dead and wishes some

one would help her off.—Sadness when awaking in the morning or night (particularly in the

morning); no desire at all to mix with the world.—Restless and uneasy; does not wish to attend to

business, but wants to be off somewhere all the time.—Sadness, and disgust to life-—Mistrust,

suspicion, and a strong tendency to take everything amiss, to contradict and to criticise.—Frantic

jealousy.—Indolence, with dislike and unfitness for any labour whatever, either mental or

bodily.—Timidity of character, with variableness and indecision.—Great apathy and extraordinary

weakness of memory, everything that is heard is, as it were, effaced, even orthography is no

longer remembered, and there is forgetfulness even of things on the point of

utterance.—Confusion as to time.—Mistakes are made in speaking and writing, as well as in the

hours of the day and the days of the week. —Imbecility and loss of every mental faculty —Over-

excitement and excessive nervous irritability, with a tendency to be frightened.—Perfect

happiness and cheerfulness followed by gradual fading of spirituality, want of self-control and

lasciviousness; felt as if she was somebody else and in the hands of a stronger

power.—Amativeness.—A ffections of the intellect in general ——State of ecstasy and exaltation

which even induces tears, desire to meditate, and to compose intellectual works, with a sort of

pride. —Frantic loquacity with elevated language, nicely chosen words, and rapid and continual

change of subject-matter.—Loquaciousness, with mocking jealousy, with frightful images, great

tendency to mock, satire and ridiculous ideas.—Nocturnal delirium with much talking, or with

murmuring.—Dementia and loss of consciousness.

• ▸Pain through head on awaking.
• ▸Pain at root of nose.
• ▸Pressure and burning on vertex.
• ▸Waves of pain; worse after moving.
• ▸Sun headaches.
• ▸With headache, flickerings, dim vision, very pale face.
• ▸Vertigo.
• ▸Relieved by onset of a discharge (menses or nasal catarrh).

Head fatigued from intellectual labour—Momentary vertigo on closing

eyes.—Giddiness after resting.—Vertigo chiefly on waking in morning, as well as after lying

down in evening, on going into open air, on raising arms, and often with fainting, paleness of

face, nausea, vomitings, congestion in head, bleeding of nose, and lassitude of

limbs.—Intoxication, stupor, and loss of consciousness.—Apoplectic fits, with blue face,

convulsive, movements of limbs, and extravasation of blood in brain.—Softening of brain and its

membranes.—Violent pain in head, with yellow face and flushed cheeks.—Headache, with

congestion of blood, sparkling before the eyes, drowsiness, shiverings and inclination to lie

down, or with nausea and vomiting. —Headache preceding coryza.——Cephalalgia from heat of

sun.—Pains deeply seated in brain; or in the sockets of the eyes; or above the eyes; or in occiput;

with stiffness in nape of neck.—Pain as from a bruise in crown of head, or sensation of boring,

with jerks and throbbings on moving the head.—Heaviness and pressure in head, as if it were

going to burst, or tension, as from threads drawn from occiput towards the eyes, or shootings, as

from knives, in different parts of the head, and as far as the eyes.—Pressing headache in temples

as if the brain were pressing out, in the morning after rising, from motion, from stooping; < from

pressure and while ascending; > from lying down after eating —Cutting headache as if a part of

the r. side of the head were cut off, < after rising or ascending; > from heat and after belching up

wind.—Pains which spread from the interior of head to ears, nose, and neck.—Headache

extending into root of nose—Headache with flickering before the eyes.—Headache every

morning on awaking, or after dinner; or else on every change of weather.—Pulsating, beating

headache with heat in head, esp. on vertex, or on r. side, or over eyes, preceding a cold in the

head, with stiffness of neck.—Swelling of head, muscular throbbings in temples, tension in

occiput extending to nape of the neck, painful sensibility of scalp, with troublesome itching,

excessive desquamation, and falling off of the hair.—Falling off of the hair, esp. during

pregnancy, with great aversion to rays of sun.—Sensitiveness of scalp in I. vertex down, and 1.

side of face on touch or moving muscles, a sensation as if sunburnt.—Cannot bear to have hair

touched.

Defective vision after diphtheria, extrinsic muscles too weak to maintain focus. Sensation as if eyes were drawn together by cords which were tied in a knot at root of nose.

Yellow colour of the white of eyes—Eyes yellow or turbid, dull and dejected, or bright

and convulsed, with fixed look.—Pupils strongly dilated —Ecchymosis and hemorrhage of the

eyes.—Hemorrhages into interior chamber.—Dryness of eyes, as if full of dust; or lachrymation

• ▸with tears, which sometimes seem to be cold.
• ▸—Photophobia.
• ▸—Over-sensitive to light.
• ▸—Itching

and burning of the eyes.—Itching, and shootings as from knives, in eyes, or violent aching, as if

the ball were going to start from the socket, < by moving eyes.—Eyes red and inflamed, with

redness of conjunctiva and sclerotica, burning heat and lachrymation.—Eyes water with headache

from a cold.—Sensation as if the eyes were too large or the sockets too small.—Feels when throat

is pressed as if eyes were forced out.—Swelling and inflammation of the eyelids or of the

edges.—Convulsions, heaviness, and paralysis of eyelids—Weakness of sight and

presbyopia.—When reading the letters appear to be confused.—Clouded vision as when looking

through a veil—Obscuration and loss of sight——Dimness of vision; black flickering before the

eyes; often makes reading difficult—Bright blue rings, filled with fiery rays, about the light;

zigzag figures Flames and sparks appear before the eyes, or a blue veil or blue circles round the

candle.—Eyes appear small and inexpressive.—Fistula lachrymalis accompanied by long-standing

eruption on face.

Tearing pain from zygoma into ear; also with sore throat. Ear-wax hard, dry.

Ears cold, sensitive to the wind.—Painful swelling of interior of ear—Dryness of

ears.—Cerumen scanty, too hard and too pale, or like pap, and white, with diminution of the

power of hearing.—Very disagreeable throbbing, tinkling, roaring, cracking, buzzing and rolling,

or a resounding noise, as if a drum were beaten, in ears —Whizzing, as from insects in ear.—Ears

• ▸as if stopped.
• ▸—Excessive sensibility, or hardness of hearing.
• ▸—Hzemorrhage from the ears.
• ▸—Pain

in ears with sore throat.—Tearing extending from zygoma into ear.—Swelling of

parotids.—Excoriation and scabs behind ears.

Bleeding, nostrils sensitive. Coryza, preceded by headache. Hay asthma; paroxysms of sneezing (Silica; Sabad).

Nocturnal pains at bridge of nose.—Stoppage of nose, as from an internal swelling,

principally in morning, or with coryza.—Swelling, redness and excoriation of edges of nose, with

scabs in nostrils.—The nose bleeds when it is blown (blood dark), and blowing of blood from the

• ▸nose, esp.
• ▸in the morning.
• ▸—Nose-bleed in amenorrhcea, typhus, &c.
• ▸—Copious bleeding from

nose, of a bright-red, or thick and black.—Flow of (blood and) pus from the nose.—Paroxysms of

sneezing in hay fever.—Dry, chronic coryza, with stoppage of nose, or fluent coryza, with

abundant discharge of serous mucus, lachrymation, frequent sneezing, and inflammation and

excoriation of nostrils—Imperfect coryza, with many sufferings of head and mind, all of which

disappear as soon as the catarrhal flux commences.—Red, chronic pimples on nose.—Redness of

the point of the nose.—Many symptoms end with catarrh.

• ▸Pale.
• ▸Trifacial neuralgia, left side, heat running up into head (Phos).
• ▸Tearing pain in jaw-bones (Amphisbaena; Phos).
• ▸Purple, mottled, puffed; looks swollen, bloated, jaundiced, chlorotic.

Face pale, wan, wasted, and cadaverous; leaden, or earthy, discoloured, yellowish

complexion.—Red spot on cheeks with yellowness of rest of face.—Dark bluish-red patch on 1.

side of nose and cheek, coming on when flushed, generally at noon or after wine; never in

• ▸evening or night (Cooper).
• ▸—Blue circle round eyes.
• ▸—Small red veins in cheeks.
• ▸—Bloatedness,

sometimes to a frightful extent, tension and red swelling of face.—Heat and redness of the

• ▸otherwise pale face.
• ▸—L.
• ▸side of face and lower jaw swollen and sensitive to touch.
• ▸—Tri-facial

neuralgia, |. side, orbital; heat running up into the head.—Heat and redness of face (during

delirtum).—Erysipelas in face, sometimes with itching, pimples or vesicles, cracks and corrosive

oozing, burning pains and swelling.—Miliary eruption and pimples on face.—Tetter with thick

scabs in region of whiskers.—Tensive and crawling pains in face, pains in bones of face,

prosopalgia, with vomiting of food.—Feeling of stiffness of the malar bone coming from the

cervical glands.—Lips dry and swollen, pimples on lips, trembling of the lips—Weakness and

paralysis of lower jaw, with distortion of features.——Trismus, with clenching and grinding of the

teeth; chattering of the teeth.

• ▸Gums swollen, spongy, bleed.
• ▸Tongue swollen, burns, trembles, red, dry and cracked at tip, catches on teeth.
• ▸Aphthous and denuded spots with burning and rawness.
• ▸Nauseous taste.
• ▸Teeth ache, pain extends to ears.
• ▸Pain in facial bones.

Inflammatory swelling of the buccal cavity—The mouth and palate are excoriated

and very painful.—Dryness of the mouth and tongue, or accumulation of water in the mouth and

salivation.—Tongue shining, dry, red and cracked; or inflamed, swollen (covered with blisters),

brownish or blackish.—Stiffness, immovableness, and paralysis of the tongue.—Aphonia, or

confused, indistinct speech, nasal tone of voice, difficulty in pronouncing certain letters or

particular words; the speech is louder and more precipitate than the speaker wishes.—Tongue

heavy; cannot open mouth—Tongue trembles when protruded, or catches behind the

teeth—Stammering.

Boring pains in the teeth which are carious, principally after dinner, and sometimes

with swelling of the cheeks, and a sensation as if the teeth were too long —Toothache every

morning after waking, or after dinner every day, with tearing, drawing, and shooting pains in

roots of teeth (of lower jaw); from warm and cold drinks.—Toothache with pains in head,

shiverings, heat and heaviness of the legs.—The toothache affects the ears.—Brittleness and

looseness of the teeth; the carious teeth become soft, and pieces of them are broken

off—Swelling and painful sensibility of the gums.—Gums bleeding; swollen, spongy.—Hot and

cold drinks renew the pains.

Constant tickling in throat, as if a crumb of bread, or something similar, were

stopping in it.—Partial or general dryness of throat, often extending to ears, nose, and

chest.—Burning and pain as of excoriation in throat, principally on swallowing.—Painful

excoriation and inflammatory swelling of throat, with redness of parts affected, as if they were

• ▸coloured with vermilion.
• ▸—Swelling of the tonsils (mostly 1.
• ▸).
• ▸—Large and small tumours in throat,

which impede deglutition.—Cannot swallow the food after masticating it, because it rests on the

back part of the tongue, and produces a thrilling pain there —Constant desire to swallow, and a

sensation on swallowing as if there were a tumour, or a piece of something, or a plug in the

throat.—Sensation of contraction, of strangulation, and of constriction in throat—The throat as it

were stiff and paralysed.—Convulsions and spasms in throat.—Impeded deglutition, with dread of

drinks, which often pass through nostrils—Hydrophobia—Much slimy saliva, esp. in back of

mouth.—The pains in the throat are < by slightest contact, and by least pressure on neck, as well

as after sleeping, and while swallowing the saliva; the pains are > by eating.—When swallowing

the pain extends to the |. ear—Sore throat, which affects only a small part, or which, on the

contrary, affects the ears, larynx, tongue, and gums; frequently with dyspnoea and danger of

suffocation, salivation and hawking up of mucus.—Much hawking up of mucus, which is

exceedingly painful—Empty swallowing < the pain in throat more than swallowing food; or

fluids are swallowed with less pain than solids—Copious accumulation of tenacious mucus in

throat.—In old chronic sore throats: throat may not be very sore, but a great quantity of mucus

will stick there, and occasions much hawking and spitting to no purpose; the mucus will stick

and can't be forced up or down.—Sore throat alternately with stoppage of nose, or with

sufferings, while speaking.—Ulcers on palate, on back, of mouth (on the inflamed tonsils), and in

throat, with fetid odour, abundant suppuration, and sharp pains on swallowing food.—The

• ▸inflammation and ulceration of throat begin on 1.
• ▸side and extend later to r.
• ▸side.
• ▸—The external

throat is very sensitive to touch (not painful, but an uneasy sensation); on lying down, with

suffocative sensation; even to touch of linen.

• ▸Sore, worse left side, swallowing liquids. Quinsy.
• ▸Septic parotiditis.
• ▸Dry, intensely swollen, externally and internally.
• ▸Diphtheria; membrane dusky, blackish; pain aggravated by hot drinks; chronic sore throat, with much hawking; mucus sticks, and cannot be forced up or down. Very painful; worse slightest pressure, touch is even more annoying.
• ▸In diphtheria, etc, the trouble began on the left side.
• ▸Tonsils purplish.
• ▸Purple, livid color of throat.
• ▸Feeling as if something was swollen which must be swallowed; worse, swallowing saliva or liquids. Pain into ear. Collar and neck-band must be very loose.

• ▸Craving for alcohol, oysters.
• ▸Any food causes distress.
• ▸Pit of stomach painful to touch.
• ▸Hungry, cannot wait for food.
• ▸Gnawing pressure made better by eating, but returning in a few hours.
• ▸Perceptible trembling movement in the epigastric region.
• ▸Empty swallowing more painful than swallowing solids.

Disagreeable, or saccharine, acid, rough, astringent, or metallic taste——Want of

appetite; complete indifference to food and drink.—Repugnance to bread, which it is impossible

to swallow.—Irregular appetite, at one time anorexia, at another bulimy.—Sickly craving, with

nausea, convulsive yawnings and fainting fits, if food is not eaten instantly, or with gnawing and

aching in stomach, which is renewed shortly after eating.—Insatiable thirst—Thirst, with dry

tongue and skin.—Desire for wine or for milk, both of which, however, disagree; desire for

oysters.—A fter a meal: pressure on stomach, risings, vertigo, flatulency, inclination to vomit, or

vomiting of food, weakness in knees, indolence, and heaviness of body, mental fatigue,

uneasiness, regurgitation, diarrhoea, difficult respiration, pain in head and teeth, and aggravation

of all the sufferings.

Hiccough after having drunk; or after smoking tobacco.—Violent empty risings,

with danger of suffocation.—Risings, which > the sufferings —Acid risings, with taste of the

food.—Pyrosis from the throat, as if the whole of the cesophagus were filled with rancid

substances.—Nausea and inclination to vomit, principally in morning, or after a meal; as well as

in consequence of many other sufferings.—Violent and convulsive vomiting of everything taken,

or of bilious, bitter, greenish matter.—Vomiting of pure blood, or of bloody mucus.—Vomiting,

with diarrhoea, obscuration of sight, pains in stomach, and diuresis.—Excessive sensibility of

precordial region to slightest touch; tight garments are insupportable, and the least pressure is

very painful.—Great weakness of stomach; it can bear neither food nor drink.—Stitches extending

into the chest.—Gnawing in stomach; > after eating, but returns when stomach gets

empty.—Painless gnawing.—Pressure in stomach; after eating; with weakness in

knees.—Sensation as if something encumbered the cardia and impeded deglutition.—Aching in

stomach, extending to chest, and a sensation as if a worm were moving about in it and gnawing

it.—(Every evening) cramps and violent pains in stomach, with risings, retching, and vomiting of

slimy matter.

Liver region sensitive, cannot bear anything around waist. Especially suitable to drunkards. Abdomen tympanitic, sensitive, painful (Bell).

Burning, drawing, or cutting pains in liver—Acute pain in liver, extending

• ▸towards stomach.
• ▸—Inflammation and softening of liver—Hepatic abscess.
• ▸—Gall-stones.
• ▸—Pains

and stitches in region of spleen, sometimes on riding in a carriage or walking.—Enlargement of

abdomen in young girls.—Painful distension, flatulence; can bear no pressure, surface nerves

sensitive.—Sensation of emptiness in abdomen.—Pains in abdomen, in consequence of a strain in

the loins —Pains, generally pressive, in umbilical region, sometimes with difficult respiration, <

an hour after a meal, and > by eructations.—Tearing and cutting pains in r. side of

abdomen.—Cutting pains, so violent as to drive patient distracted; or acute pullings, with

contraction of abdomen.—Burning in abdomen, with pressure on bladder—Abdomen hot,

sensitive; painfully stiff from loins down thighs; peritonitis; pus formed.—Inflammation of

intestines.—Extravasation of blood in peritoneum.—Swelling in cecal region; must lie on back,

with limbs drawn up (typhilitis)—Abdomen hard and distended, with flatulent colic, pain in

back, vomiting, diarrhoea, and diuresis.—Frequent emission of flatus; the flatus sometimes

penetrates into inguinal ring.—Pain, as if a hernia were going to protrude.

• ▸Constipated, offensive stool.
• ▸Anus feels tight, as if nothing could go through it.
• ▸Pain darting up the rectum every time be sneezes or coughs.
• ▸Haemorrhage from bowels like charred straw, black particles.
• ▸Haemorrhoids protrude, become constricted, purplish.
• ▸Stitches in them on sneezing or coughing.
• ▸Constant urging in rectum, not for stool.

Slow evacuation.—Obstinate constipation with hard and difficult

evacuation.—Constipation, anus feels tight as if nothing could go through.—Feces small, scanty,

and tenacious.—Constipation alternately with diarrhoea.—Diarrhcea, with violent colic, nausea,

vomiting, anguish, pains in rectum during passage of feeces, tenesmus and excoriation of

anus.—Stool lies close to anus without passing and without urging.—Loose evacuations,

principally at night, or after a meal, or in warm (and damp) weather, or from having taken fruits

and acids.—Diarrhcea after food, with occasional pain across navel, loins, and back.—Involuntary

and unperceived evacuations.—Stools excessively offensive.—Evacuation of fetid matter, or of

soft feeces, of the consistence of pap, or liquid, or slimy, like pitch, or sanguineous and purulent,

or of undigested substances, or of pure blood, or of sanguineous mucus.—Stools watery,

offensive, dark; watery, frequent, sudden, about midnight, offensive, ammoniacal; soft, bright

yellow; pasty, putrid.—During the evacuations: pain, tenesmus, and burning in anus.—A fter the

stool: congestion of blood to head, vertigo, debility, pains and throbbings in anus.—Painful

constriction of anus and rectum.—Anus feels closed: sensation of a plug.—Prolapsus recti during

evacuation.—Discharge of mucus and blood from rectum, sometimes with violent

colic.—Hemorrhoids with colic, or with burning and cuttings in rectum, or with congestion of

blood in anus, and diarrhoea.—Stitch in rectum when laughing or sneezing.—Sensation in anus as

of several little hammers beating there.—Piles irritable, with painful drawing upward like a

mouse tugging at one side and drawing it up.—Bleeding heemorrhoids.—Heemorrhoidal tumours

protrude after stool, with constriction of sphincter—Large hemorrhoidal tumours (in persons

addicted to spirituous drinks).—Heemorrhoidal tumours protruding with stitches at each cough or

sneeze.

Pressure on bladder, with urgency to urinate, or with cuttings and

burnings in abdomen.—Frequent want to urinate, with copious emission even in night.—Violent

pain, as if a ball were rolling about in bladder, and thence into urethra.—Violent tenesmus, with

• ▸scanty emission of urine.
• ▸—Paralysis of bladder.
• ▸—Continual incisive shootings in urethra.
• ▸—Small

tumour in urethra, with retention of urine.—Urine turbid and brown, or red, or deep yellow, and

sometimes with frequent but scanty emission, or with brown and sandy or red or brick-coloured

• ▸sediment.
• ▸—Frothy urine.
• ▸—Urine frequent, foaming, black.
• ▸—Involuntary and unnoticed emission

of urine.—Pains in back and loins during the want to make water.—Sensation of burning in

urethra on making water, and many other sufferings, all of which are renewed by motion of a

carriage, and return after drinking wine.—Pain, as from excoriation, in urethra and in

glans.—Flow of urine after evacuating and after urinating.

• ▸Climacteric troubles, palpitation, flashes of heat, haemorrhages, vertex headache, fainting spells; worse, pressure of clothes.
• ▸Menses too short, too feeble; pains all relieved by the flow (Eupion).
• ▸Left ovary very painful and swollen, indurated.
• ▸Mammae inflamed, bluish.
• ▸Coccyx and sacrum pain, especially on rising from sitting posture.
• ▸Acts especially well at beginning and close of menstruation.

In females who never get well from the change of life -"have never

felt well since that time"; may have unnatural unwell periods.—During change of life, where she

has flashes of heat all day, and cold flashes on retiring at night—Sensation in the abdomen as if a

ball were ascending from thence to chest, as in hysteria.—Pains from ovaries to uterus, with

discharge of pus while at stool.—The uterus feels as if os were constantly open.—Redness and

swelling of external parts (with discharge of mucus).—Swelling of the parts, with itching and

sexual desire—Catamenia feeble, tardy, and of too short duration, often accompanied by

heemorrhoidal and, other sufferings.—Menstruation suppressed.—Menstruation too scanty (blood

black)—Abdominal spasms during catamenia.—Before menses: pains and throbbing in the head,

vertigo, epistaxis, aching in stomach, risings, cuttings in hypogastrium, flow of mucus from

urethra, and cramps in chest.—Before and after menses, diarrhoea with violent colic_—Menstrual

• ▸colic, beginning in |.
• ▸ovary.
• ▸—Swelling, induration, pain and other anomalies of 1.
• ▸ovary.
• ▸—On the

appearance of the catamenia, sacral pains, with pain as of a fracture in hips and chest.—During

the catamenia, pains in the loins like those of labour, throbbings in the head, and

cuttings.—Miscarriage.—(The milk of females bitten by the serpent becomes venomous and

• ▸curdles.
• ▸)—Mamme swollen.
• ▸—Intolerably itching tetters on and around nipples.
• ▸—Nipples

swollen, erect, painful to the touch.—Sexual desire excited: nymphomania.

Intense excitement of sexual organs.

Pressure in testes, as if a hernia were going to protrude, when making

an effort to urinate.—Pimples on the hairy parts —Strong sexual desire without physical power,

and with flaccidity of the penis.—Erections without sexual desire.—Pollutions night and day,

sometimes with debility and sweat.—Flow of prostatic fluid when urinating, or after having

urinated.—Semen of a pungent smell.—During coition the emission is tardy or does not occur at

all.—Abundant secretion behind the glans.—Spots and red pimples on the glans and on the

corona.—Mercurio-syphilitic ulcers —Attenuation of scrotum and hardness of testes —Thickening

of prepuce.

• ▸Upper part of windpipe very susceptible to touch.
• ▸Sensation of suffocation and strangulation on lying down, particularly when anything is around throat; compels patient to spring from bed and rush for open window.
• ▸Spasm of glottis; feels as if something ran from neck to larynx.
• ▸Feels he must take a deep breath.
• ▸Cramp-like distress in praecordial region.
• ▸Cough; dry, suffocative fits, tickling.
• ▸Little secretion and much sensitiveness; worse, pressure on larynx, after sleep, open air.
• ▸Breathing almost stops on falling asleep (Grind).
• ▸Larynx painful to touch.
• ▸Sensation as of a plug (Anac) which moves up and down, with a short cough.

Catarrh, with cough, coryza, shooting pains in head, stiffness of nape

of neck, and affection of chest—Continual hoarseness, with a sensation as if there were

something in the throat which impeded speech, and which cannot be detached.—Oppressed

breathing, < when talking and eating. —Contraction and constriction of the larynx, with a

sensation of swelling and of tension —Painful sensitiveness of larynx and neck to touch, and on

slightest pressure, with danger of suffocation on feeling the gullet, and on holding back the

head.—Sensation of pulsation and of choking between larynx and chest.—Dryness, burning, and

pain as of excoriation in larynx.—Sensation as if there were a ball in the larynx.—Voice weak,

hollow, nasal.—Cough, often fatiguing, and by which nothing is detached, excited mostly by a

tickling in larynx, chest, and pit of stomach, or by pressure on the gullet, as well as by

conversation, walking, and everything which increases the dryness of the throat.—Cough caused

by pressure on the larynx, or by any covering of the throat; by a tickling in pit of throat and

sternum; when falling asleep; from ulcers in the throat.—Constant irritating cough, with or

without expectoration.—Very chronic coughs.—Cough with rawness of chest, difficult

expectoration and pains in throat, head, and eyes.—Frequent attacks of short cough from tickling

in pit of stomach, dry during the night; difficult, sometimes watery, salty mucus, which has to be

swallowed again, is raised.—The cough is < during the day; after sleeping; from changes in the

temperature; from alcoholic drinks; from acids and sour drinks.—Cough with

hoarseness.—Diphtheria.—Cough always after sleeping, or at night, when sleeping, or in evening

after lying down, as well as on rising from a recumbent posture.—Dry, short, suffocating and

croaking cough, sometimes with vomiting.—Spittle mucous, tenacious, or acid, and of a

disagreeable taste, or sanguineous.—Heemoptysis.—On coughing, accumulation of water in the

mouth, sharp pains in pit of stomach, shocks in head, and tension of eyes.

• ▸Palpitation, with fainting spells, especially during climacteric.
• ▸Constricted feeling causing palpitation, with anxiety.
• ▸Cyanosis.
• ▸Irregular beats.

Respiration short, frequent, or convulsive or rattling, stertorous, and croaking, or

wheezing, moaning, and deep.—Frequent want to draw a long breath —Dyspncea and oppression

of the chest, with effort to breathe.—Shortness of breath, principally after a meal, on walking,

after making an effort with the arms, and sometimes with sadness, or with an asthmatic

cough.—Attacks of asthma, and difficulty of respiration, principally after eating, or in the

evening on lying down, or at night, during sleep, and sometimes with anguish, thirst, nausea,

vomiting, fainting, and cold sweat.—Fits of suffocation, esp. on lying down in evening or in bed

at night, and principally when anything is placed before nose or mouth.—Paralytic

orthopnoea.—Offensive breath.—Pressure on chest, as from a weight, or as if it were filled with

wind, and principally at night.—Contraction of the chest wakens him after midnight, with slow,

heavy, wheezing breathing, compelling him to sit up with his chest bent forward.—Violent pains

with great anguish and constant movements in the chest.—Burning and pain of excoriation in

chest, as if it were raw, principally after a meal.—Oppressive pain in the chest as if full of wind,

> by eructations.—Stitches in side and in chest, < by breathing, and sometimes with cough and

• ▸sanguineous-expectoration.
• ▸—Stitches in (1.
• ▸side of) chest, with difficult breathing.
• ▸—Extravasation

of blood in lungs.—Pneumonia (hepatisation of the inflamed lungs).—Gangrene of

lungs.—Swelling and bloatedness of integuments of chest—Itching, red places, and miliary

eruption on chest.

Palpitation of heart, with (fainting and) anxiety, sometimes excited by cramp-like

pains, with cough, and fit of suffocation.—Palpitation of heart and choking from slightest

anxiety.—Feels as if heart hanging by a thread and every beat would tear it off.—Irregularity of

• ▸beats.
• ▸—Constrictive sensation in region of heart.
• ▸—Spasms in heart (with aneurism of r.
• ▸carotid)

and disagreeable pulsation in ears.—As if heart too large for containing cavity.—Stitches in region

of heart, with shortness of breath, fainting fits and cold sweat.—Faint feeling about heart, with

heats up spine and flushings of face.—Faintings, giddiness, and palpitation constantly recurring.

Neuralgia of coccyx, worse rising from sitting posture; must sit perfectly still. Pain in neck, worse cervical region. Sensation of threads stretched from back to arms, legs, eyes, etc.

Nape of neck and neck excessively sensitive to least pressure.-—Rheumatic

stiffness of nape of neck and neck.—Stitches in back and between shoulders.—A small tumour is

• ▸formed near the spine.
• ▸—Burning in back.
• ▸—Spasms in muscles of back.
• ▸—Painful stiffness from

loins to hip, as if muscles were too short.—Insupportable nocturnal pains in back, in loins, hip

and knee.—Pain in the small of back, with constipation, intermittent fever, palpitation of the heart

or dyspnoea.—Pain in the os coccygis, when sitting down one feels as if sitting on something

sharp.—Want of strength in back and knees, which forces patient to stoop when walking. —Pain,

as from dislocation, in loins, as after great exertion.—Papule, vesicles, tetters, pimples, and

scarlet spots on back and shoulder-blades.

• ▸Lameness in |.
• ▸shoulder.
• ▸—Pain in r.
• ▸shoulder-joint with

headache.—Perspiration in axillze of strong smell (like garlic) Rheumatic and arthritic pains,

and aching pains in bones of arms, in hands, fingers, and wrists.—Malignant ulcer on upper part

of arm.—Tension, as from contraction of tendons, from the elbow to fingers.—Erysipelatous

inflammation in elbow.—Pimples on arms after scratching.—Sensation of fatigue or of paralysis,

and pain, as from dislocation, in arms.—Paralysis of hands.—Trembling of hands (in

drunkards).—The hands are dry and burning.—Extremities of the fingers numbed and

painful.—Tingling and pricking in |. hand —Prickings in extremities of fingers—Numbness in tips

of fingers (morning).—Itching, psoric eruptions, red spots with vesicles, furunculi, excrescences,

and warts on hands and fingers.—Hard and cold swelling of a bluish black colour, on the back of

hand and fingers.—The hands are cold, as if dead.—Hard swelling from hand to elbow, with

excessive pain.—Panaris.

Sensation of contraction, and contractions of the tendons of the

• ▸ham.
• ▸—Nocturnal pains in hip and thigh.
• ▸—Caries of the tibia—Burning spots on tibia.
• ▸—Agonising

pains in tibia (with throat affections).—Sharp and drawing pains in legs, when there is change of

weather, and in windy weather.—Furunculi on thighs.—Sensation of heaviness, paralysis, of

numbness and trembling in thighs and knees.—The knees are, as it were, dislocated, stiff and

weak.—Stinging in knees.—Sensation as if hot air were going through knee-joints, which were

shaky.—The |. knee feels as if sprained —Swelling of knees —Swelling of feet, < after walking

(during pregnancy).—Flat ulcers on lower extremities, with blue or purple

• ▸surroundings.
• ▸—Gangrenous ulcers on legs (toes).
• ▸—Cramps and pains in calves of legs.
• ▸—Red

pimples on the thighs and on the legs, after scratching. —Excoriated places, and superficial ulcers

with foul bases, on the legs.—Red or bluish, and painful swelling of feet and legs.—Heaviness,

numbness, icy coldness, sweating of the feet —Itching, psoric eruptions, papulze and spots as

from a burn, in feet and legs.—Cracks and rhagades between the toes.—Abscess in the heels.

24. Generalities—Sensation of pain accompanied by voluptuous feelings; dreadful or strongly

pressive pains in various parts of body.—Sensation of dislocation and of paralysis in the

joints.—Stiffness and tension of the muscles, as if they were too short.—Pains in the

• ▸bones.
• ▸—Sharp and drawing rheumatic pains in the limbs (first in |.
• ▸side then in r.
• ▸), or gnawing

pains, with sensations as if bruised on moving.—Nocturnal pains, which appear insupportable,

and which do not permit patient to remain in bed.—The pains affect the sides of the body

alternately, or at one time the limbs, at another the body, and often manifest themselves

transversely.—Intermittent and periodical pains; sufferings, accompanied by danger of

suffocation; and sufferings, with want to lie down, and aversion to move.—Aggravation or

renewal of the sufferings after sleep or at night, and principally before midnight, or some hours

after a meal, or during damp hot weather, as well as when there is a change of wind and weather

(excessively cold and excessively warm weather cause great debility); many of the symptoms are

> in open air.—Mental emotions, such as disappointment, fear, fright, &c., frequently renew all

the sufferings.—Slight touch intolerable.—Obliged to wear clothes loose; cannot bear the

• ▸contact.
• ▸—Paralysis, with heaviness and stiffness of the limbs; semi-lateral paralysis.
• ▸——The 1.
• ▸side

• ▸is principally or first affected (throat, ovaries).
• ▸—Affections in general of r.
• ▸chest; r.
• ▸lower

extremity; r. abdominal ring; symptoms generally appear on I. side; symptoms beginning on 1.

side with great tendency to spread to the r. side.—Extreme feebleness of body and mind;

exhaustion, like that caused by loss of blood; rapid failure of strength; relaxation of muscular

force.—Weakness of whole body in morning on rising.—Nervous hyperesthesia, with external

flushings.—Fainting fits, with dyspnoea, nausea, cold sweat, vertigo, pallid face, vomiting,

dizziness, obscuration of the eyes, pains and prickings in region of heart, convulsions and

epistaxis.—Tearing, pricking, and pulsating pains.—Attacks of asphyxia and of syncope, with loss

of sense and motion, insensibility like death, clenching of teeth, stiffness and swelling of body,

pulse tremulous or imperceptible.-—Trembling of limbs, muscular palpitations, and jerking in

several parts of body.—Contractions of the muscles.—Convulsive and epileptic fits, with

screaming, movements of the limbs, falling down without consciousness, eyes convulsed,

foaming at mouth, fists clenched; before the attack, cold feet, eructations, paleness of the face,

vertigo, head heavy and painful, palpitation of heart, inflation of abdomen; after the attack,

sleep.—Attacks of tetanus, with distortion of limbs.—Hzemorrhage and extravasation of blood in

different organs.—Affected parts look bluish (cyanosis).

Sciatica, right side, better lying down. Pain in tibia (may follow sore throat). Shortening of tendons.

• ▸Hot perspiration, bluish, purplish appearance.
• ▸Boils, carbuncles, ulcers, with bluish, purple surroundings.
• ▸Dark blisters.
• ▸Bed-sores, with black edges.
• ▸Blue-black swellings.
• ▸Pyemia; dissecting wounds.
• ▸Purpura, with intense prostration.
• ▸Senile erysipelas.
• ▸Wens.
• ▸Cellulitis.
• ▸Varicose ulcers.

Ecchymosis; wounds and ulcers bleed readily and copiously (small wounds bleed a

good deal; ulcers bleed readily; cicatrices bleed readily; pain in old cicatrices), wounds bleeding

a great while; skin very hard to heal, masses of blood pass through the pores.—Varicose

swellings.—Dropsical swelling over whole body.—Hard and pale tumefaction—Skin yellow,

green, lead-coloured, or bluish-red or blackish, chiefly round the wounds and ulcers.—Yellow,

red, copper-coloured spots.—Pale, livid spots, with fainting fits—Dry, miliary itch, with eruption

of large vesicles of a yellow or of a bluish-black colour, with swelling of parts affected, and

pains which drive to despair.—Miliary eruption, which subsequently resembles nettle-rash,

scarlatina, or morbilli.—Erysipelas and vesicular eruptions with a red crown.—Excoriated places,

on touching which a burning pain is felt—Rupia and other skin affections, with angioleucitis

(Cooper).—Ulcers, surrounded by pimples, vesicles, and other small ulcers (on a purple

skin).—Ulcers with great sensitiveness to touch, uneven bottom, ichorous, offensive discharge

• ▸when touched, esp.
• ▸around the lower extremities.
• ▸—Gangrenous ulcers.
• ▸—Gangrenous

blisters.—Superficial ulcers, foul at bottom, with a red crown.—Cancerous ulceration (of

wounds), or putrefaction of the flesh, which becomes detached from the bones, and falls off

piecemeal.—Gangrenous wounds, with inflammatory fever, weak, quick, and intermittent pulse,

fainting nausea, spasmodic and bilious vomiting, convulsions, and cold sweats.—Papulz, warts,

hard swellings.—Panaris.—Red and itching lumps and tuberosities—Carbuncles, with copper-

coloured surroundings and many smaller boils around them.—Flat exanthemata which do not fill

up; pustulous exanthemata; spongy excrescences.

• ▸Patient sleeps into an aggravation.
• ▸Sudden starting when falling asleep.
• ▸Sleepiness, yet cannot sleep (Bell; Op).
• ▸Wide-awake in evening.

Great drowsiness by day, and principally after a meal.—Sleeplessness, chiefly before

midnight, with excessive nervous excitement.—Lively and wide awake in evening.—The patient

sleeps into an aggravation, as (e.g.) in croup; is very well while awake, but as soon as goes to

sleep the croup symptoms appear in great violence; child almost suffocates, and the mother or

nurse is consequently really afraid to let him go to sleep.—Also in convulsions; patient has none

while he is awake, but as soon as he is asleep they appear.—Drowsiness and sleeplessness

alternately every two days.—When falling asleep he is awakened by a tickling cough.—Restless

sleep, with many dreams.—Sleeplessness in the evening with talkativeness.—Light sleep, with

frequent and easy waking, agitation and tossing, groans and sighs, starts and fright Dreams

connected and frequent, poetical and meditative or voluptuous; dreams of quarrels, of horrible

things, of spectres, and of death —At night, heat, agitation, burning in palms and soles, pains in

the bones or rheumatic pains, diarrhoea, emission of urine, mental excitement, and many other

sufferings.—After sleep, sensation of stiffness, and pain as from fatigue in the limbs, erections

with sexual desire, pains in the back and loins, congestion of blood, heaviness and pain in head,

pressure in stomach, sore throat, nervous yawnings, and aggravation of all the sufferings.

Chilly in back; feet icy cold; hot flushes and hot perspiration. Paroxysm returns after acids. Intermittent fever every spring.

Icy coldness of the skin or of the limbs, or only of the feet, with great desire to be

near a fire, and sometimes with loss of sensation, clammy sweat, weakness and great quickness

of the pulse.—Shiverings, sometimes only partial, often with pains in the limbs, sacral pains,

agitation and tossing, colic, trismus and convulsive movements of the limbs, pain in chest, thirst,

chattering of teeth.—Chill ascending the back, often on alternate days —Shuddering while the

heat continues, and principally on lifting the bed-clothes.—Shivering, chiefly after a meal, or in

afternoon.—Dry heat, principally at night, or in evening, and esp. in feet and hands, often

accompanied by agitation and tossing, headache, delirium, insatiable thirst, eructations, bilious

vomitings, cries, groans, dryness of mouth and throat, and frequent stools.—Heat, alternately with

cold (alternating and changing localities), shivering of shuddering.—Fever at night or in evening,

quotidian, tertian, or quartan, and often accompanied by headache, rapid prostration of strength,

and debility which obliges the patient to lie down; want of appetite, hiccough, vomiting,

sensibility of the neck to the touch, palpitation of the heart, anguish, yellow urine, diarrhea,

pains in the limbs, back, and loins, nervous and spasmodic yawnings, stretchings, swelling of the

body, spots and ulcers.—Internal sensation of heat, with cold feet——Chronic fevers; slow fevers;

typhoid fevers—The fevers are renewed by acid food.—Dry, burning skin.—Sweat

>.—Perspiration colouring linen yellow red.—Febrile sweat, principally after hot stage, towards

morning; copious sweat; fetid sweat; cold sweat; sanguineous sweat.—Pulse intermittent, or

feeble and quick (but accelerated), or irregular, or scarcely perceptible, or tremulous, or

alternately full and small.—Intermittent fever, the paroxysms come on every spring, or after

suppression of the fever in the previous fall by quinine; face red; feet cold; during hot stage

continuous talking; face yellow or ashy.—Typhus fever, esp. when the tongue is red or black, dry

or in fissures, esp. at the tip, or when tongue trembles when put out, or if while endeavouring to

put it out, the tip remains under the lower teeth or lip and cannot be put out.

• ▸Albuminuria.
• ▸Alcoholism.
• ▸Amblyopia.
• ▸Aneurism.
• ▸Apoplexy.
• ▸Appendicitis.

• ▸Asthenopia.
• ▸Asthma.
• ▸Atheroma.
• ▸Bedsores.
• ▸Boils.
• ▸Bubo.
• ▸Caecum, inflammation of.
• ▸Carbuncle.

• ▸Catalepsy.
• ▸Chancre.
• ▸Change of life.
• ▸Chilblains.
• ▸Ciliary neuralgia.
• ▸Cough.
• ▸Cyanosis.
• ▸Delirium

• ▸tremens.
• ▸Diphtheria.
• ▸Dog-bite.
• ▸Dropsy.
• ▸Dyspepsia.
• ▸Ears, polypus of; wax in; noises in.
• ▸Enteric

• ▸fever.
• ▸Epilepsy.
• ▸Erysipelas.
• ▸Eyes, affections of; heemorrhage into.
• ▸Fainting.
• ▸Fistula lachrymalis.

• ▸Flatulence.
• ▸Fungus heematodes.
• ▸Gall-stones.
• ▸Gangrene.
• ▸Glanders.
• ▸Gums, bleeding of.

• ▸Hemorrhages.
• ▸Hemorrhoids.
• ▸Hay fever.
• ▸Headache.
• ▸Heart, affections of: Heartburn.
• ▸Hemiplegia.

• ▸Hernia.
• ▸Herpes facialis.
• ▸Hoarseness.
• ▸Hydrophobia.
• ▸Hysteria.
• ▸Injuries.
• ▸Intermittent fever.

• ▸Jaundice.
• ▸Labour, pains after.
• ▸Laryngismus.
• ▸Laryngitis.
• ▸Leprosy.
• ▸Liver, affections of.
• ▸Locomotor

• ▸ataxy.
• ▸Malignant pustule.
• ▸Measles.
• ▸Méniére's disease.
• ▸Mercury, effects of.
• ▸Mind, affections of:

• ▸Morvan's disease.
• ▸Mouth, sore.
• ▸Mumps.
• ▸Neuralgia.
• ▸Neurasthenia.
• ▸Noises in ears.
• ▸Nymphomania.

• ▸(Edema of lungs.
• ▸Otorrhoea.
• ▸Ovaries, affections of.
• ▸Paralysis.
• ▸Paraphimosis.
• ▸Perityphilitis.

• ▸Perspiration, bloody; absent.
• ▸Phlegmasia alba dolens.
• ▸Plague.
• ▸Pneumonia.
• ▸Puerperal fever and

• ▸convulsions.
• ▸Purpura.
• ▸Pycemia.
• ▸Quinsy.
• ▸Rabies.
• ▸Scarlatina.
• ▸Sciatica.
• ▸Scurvy.
• ▸Small-pox.
• ▸Stings.

• ▸Strangury.
• ▸Syphilis.
• ▸Throat, sore.
• ▸Trachea, affections of.
• ▸Traumatic fever.
• ▸Tumours.
• ▸Ulcers.

• ▸Veins, varicose.
• ▸Vertigo.
• ▸Vicarious menstruation (nosebleed).
• ▸Warts.
• ▸Whitlow.
• ▸Wounds.

Antidote: Radiate heat outwardly, Alcohol inwardly, Salt,-effects of bite. Antidotes

• ▸to dilutions: Alum.
• ▸, Bell.
• ▸, Coccul.
• ▸, Coff.
• ▸, Hep.
• ▸, Merc.
• ▸, Nit.
• ▸ac.
• ▸, Nux, Pho.
• ▸ac.
• ▸; to the visible

spasmodic tenesmus of rectum, Sep. According to Teste the chief antidote is Cedron. Jt

• ▸antidotes: Bufo, Crotal.
• ▸, Rhus.
• ▸Compatible: Aco.
• ▸, Ars.
• ▸, Bell.
• ▸, Bro.
• ▸, Carb.
• ▸v.
• ▸, Chi.
• ▸, Hep.
• ▸, Hyo.
• ▸,

• ▸Kali bi.
• ▸, Lac.
• ▸can.
• ▸, Lyc.
• ▸, Merc.
• ▸, Nit.
• ▸ac.
• ▸, Nux, Olean.
• ▸, Pho.
• ▸, Pul.
• ▸, Sil.
• ▸, Sul.
• ▸(pneumonia), Tarent.
• ▸,

• ▸(Plat.
• ▸follows well when Hep.
• ▸and Lach.
• ▸fail to evacuate pus from ovarian abscess).

• ▸Incompatible: Acet.
• ▸ac.
• ▸(Am.
• ▸c.
• ▸).
• ▸Complementary Hep.
• ▸, Lyc.
• ▸, Nit.
• ▸ac.
• ▸[Lyc.
• ▸is the chief

complement; it is the opposite of Lach. in many respects (right to left, right upper, left lower; >

• ▸warm drinks); Iod.
• ▸and Kali iod.
• ▸, which are complementary to Lyc.
• ▸, are probably complementary

• ▸to Lach.
• ▸K.
• ▸iod.
• ▸has the diffused sensitiveness of Lach.
• ▸] Compare: Crotal.
• ▸, Naja, Bothrops.
• ▸,

• ▸Helod.
• ▸, Apis, Sul.
• ▸and Lyc.
• ▸(aphasia); Therid.
• ▸and Mosch.
• ▸(vertigo < closing eyes and sun-

• ▸headache); Ars.
• ▸, Hydr.
• ▸ac.
• ▸, Lauroc.
• ▸, Dig.
• ▸and Ver.
• ▸(fainting from cardiac weakness); K.
• ▸carb.

• ▸(heart hanging by a thread); Glon.
• ▸, Bell.
• ▸, Camph.
• ▸, Nat.
• ▸c.
• ▸, Therid.
• ▸(< from heat of sun); Stram.
• ▸,

• ▸Agar.
• ▸, Mephit.
• ▸, Act.
• ▸r.
• ▸, and Paris.
• ▸(loquacity); Op.
• ▸, Hyo.
• ▸, Arn.
• ▸, Alum.
• ▸, Lyc.
• ▸, and Rhus (typhoid);

• ▸Merc.
• ▸, Chi.
• ▸, Pul.
• ▸, Bry.
• ▸and Gels.
• ▸(catarrhal and rheumatic headaches); Sil.
• ▸(> wrapping up head;

• ▸aversion to touch); Crot.
• ▸, Pho.
• ▸, and Arn.
• ▸(retinal apoplexy); Crotal.
• ▸and Elaps.
• ▸(otorrhoea); Apis,

• ▸Ars.
• ▸and K.
• ▸ca.
• ▸(cedema of face); Cic.
• ▸(dyspnoea from spasm); Grind.
• ▸(stops breathing on falling

• ▸asleep); Apis, Rhus and Euphorb.
• ▸(erysipelas, herpes, &c.
• ▸); Phyt.
• ▸(sore throat); Chi.
• ▸, Carb.
• ▸v.
• ▸,

• ▸Hep.
• ▸, Kre.
• ▸, K.
• ▸bi.
• ▸, Nux and Lyc.
• ▸(dyspepsias and abdominal diseases); Colch.
• ▸and Elaps.
• ▸(cold

• ▸feeling in stomach); Bell.
• ▸, Caust.
• ▸, Nat.
• ▸m.
• ▸, Nit.
• ▸ac.
• ▸, Ign.
• ▸, K.
• ▸bi.
• ▸, Op.
• ▸, Pb.
• ▸, Mez.
• ▸and Coccul.

(constriction of anus, anal tenesmus, and dysentery); Anac. (sensation of plug in rectum); Hep.,

• ▸Asaf.
• ▸, Lyc.
• ▸, Mur.
• ▸ac.
• ▸, Silic.
• ▸, Sulph.
• ▸ac.
• ▸, and Ars.
• ▸(ulceration); Apis, Arg.
• ▸m.
• ▸, Plat.
• ▸, Murex, Pall.
• ▸,

• ▸Lyc.
• ▸and Graph.
• ▸(ovarian and uterine diseases); Crotal.
• ▸, Helleb.
• ▸, Dig.
• ▸, Tereb.
• ▸, Apis and Colch.

• ▸(vesical and rectal affections, with hematuria); Calc.
• ▸(gall-stones); Pho.
• ▸and Thu.
• ▸(fungus

• ▸heematodes); Nat.
• ▸m.
• ▸and Led.
• ▸(effects of bee-stings) Lact.
• ▸ac.
• ▸(fulness of throat and

• ▸constriction); Lac.
• ▸can.
• ▸(diphtheria changing sides; sees snakes); Tarent.
• ▸cub.
• ▸(carbuncles);

• ▸Colch.
• ▸and Carb.
• ▸ac.
• ▸(black urine); Sel.
• ▸, Nat.
• ▸c.
• ▸and Nat.
• ▸m.
• ▸(< in warm, relaxing weather); Carb.

• ▸v.
• ▸(craves coffee—it > Lach.
• ▸but not Carb.
• ▸v.
• ▸); Ant.
• ▸t.
• ▸(threatened paralysis of lungs); Merc.

(Lach. occasionally antidotes Merc., when pus degenerates and becomes dark, thin, offensive);

• ▸Chi.
• ▸sul.
• ▸(intermittents after abuse of Quinine, when chills return in spring); Am.
• ▸c.
• ▸(blueness,

• ▸somnolence, engorgement of neck; but Am.
• ▸c.
• ▸right-sided and without sensitiveness); Hep.
• ▸(any

• ▸kind of food = indigestion); Nat.
• ▸m.
• ▸(opp.
• ▸Lach.
• ▸, has > from tight clothing); Apis (jealousy); Ar.

t. (diphtheria); Anac. (has two wills; thinks he is under control of superhuman power); Arn.

(sensitiveness of chest—Lach., of peripheral nerves; Arn., soreness of over-full blood-vessels);

• ▸Bry.
• ▸(headache from suppressed coryza); Act.
• ▸r.
• ▸(puerperal mania); Bapt.
• ▸(offensive discharges;

typhoid); Bell. (head symptoms; throat; scarlatina); Hyo. (talks of things of daily life, jumps

• ▸from one subject to another); Spi.
• ▸(larynx sensitive; Lach.
• ▸, hyperzesthesia; Spi.
• ▸, inflammation of

cartilages, turning head = suffocative spell): Sul. (left side; inflammation of liver, going on to

• ▸abscess; < after sleep—also Nat.
• ▸m.
• ▸; Pho.
• ▸> after sleep); Staph.
• ▸(on swallowing pain runs

externally along parotid gland to ears; perspiration impossible); Pho. (sensation as if anus open;

• ▸Lach.
• ▸, as if uterus); Sil.
• ▸, Caul.
• ▸, Sul.
• ▸, Ustil.
• ▸and Vib.
• ▸o.
• ▸(left ovarian and left inframammary pain).

• ▸Nux m.
• ▸(cough of pregnancy; Lach.
• ▸, cough at menstrual period when it is going off.
• ▸Patient must

swallow what loosens); Puls. (menstrual cough; menses scanty; but pain < as flow increases);

• ▸Con.
• ▸, Graph.
• ▸(scanty menses); Anthracin.
• ▸(carbuncles; boils); Tereb.
• ▸, K.
• ▸bi.
• ▸(tongue glazed;—and

• ▸shining, Apis, Lach.
• ▸); Pul.
• ▸, Pho.
• ▸, Sul.
• ▸and Mur.
• ▸ac.
• ▸(piles during menses) Solania, Bell.
• ▸and Dulc.

• ▸(paralysis of lungs); Iris t.
• ▸(appendicitis) Pho.
• ▸ac.
• ▸(disappointed love); Hydrophobin.
• ▸; Sabad.

(throat affected left to right—Sabad., more chronic).

Antidotes: Ars; Merc; Heat; Alcohol; Salt.

Complementary: Crotalus cascavella often completes curative work of Lachesis (Mure; Lycop; Hep; Salamandra).

Incompatible: Acet ac; Carb ac.

Compare: Cotyledon (climacteric troubles); Nat m; Nit ac; Crotal; Amphisboena -snake lizard--(right jaw swollen and painful, lancinating pains; headaches, lancinating pains. Eruption of vesicles and pimples); Naja; Lepidium.

Eighth to 200th potency. Doses ought not be repeated too frequently. If well indicated, a single dose should be allowed to exhaust its action.

Lachesis is a frequently indicated remedy, and one that you will

need to study much in order to know how to use. Lachesis seems

to fit the whole human race, for the race is pretty well filled up with

snake as to disposition and character and this venom only causes to

appear that which is in man.

59 ^

We will first give a survey or the general symptoms, those which

characterize the remedy and are of greatest importance, and the circumstances under which the symptoms appear, arc brought out, or are

aggravated. i |

One who is a constitutional Lachesis patient will find himself suffering from an agg ravation of his sym ptoms in the Spring , . when he

goes out from the cold weather into the milder weatKer, and especially

is that so if it mild and rainy, or cloudy weather. Or if he goes

from a cold into a warmer climate the symptoms of Lachesis will

come out. The warm south winds excite the Lachesis symptoms.

Th e. syniptoiYj is of Lachesis are worse on entering may

have felt nothing of his symptoms when awake, hut when sleep comes

on they arc aroused, and tliey gradually increase as the sleep is prolonged, so that a very long sleep will aggravate all the state and condition of a Lachesis patient, and wlien awakening from sleep he looks

hack on that sleep with sorrow\ The slee p h as been ciistuii^ed 1^^^

attacks of suffocation and by ^awful^ dreams, and now, after having

slept a long time, he arouse s with dr eadful he^laches, w ith palp i tanon,

with m^iaruJioly, with sqrrow^s from head to foot. Ilis body is full

oT^llering and his mind sees^ho briglifncss in anything. There is a

cloudy st ate, sadness, melan choly, ins ane not ions, whims, jealousy and

" ^us^ciorT. WTieinaking a warm ba th, or applying^variiTlivatcf to

places that arc inflamed, his mental symptoms are aggravat^. After

a warm bath or after getting Ivarnied “iipT or, if he becomes chilled

from being out on a cold day and then goes into a warm room the

symptoms come on. After going into a warm bath, palpitation comes

on ; it seems as if his head would burst, his feet become cold, and he is

shocked all over, pulsation all over, or feeble heart. Fainting in a

warm bath. Girls sometimes faint when going into a warm bath. The

patient may be cold and chilly yet the warm room increases or brings

out the symptoms.

The face is purple and mottled, the eyelids are tumid, very much

puffed ; not bloated as in oedematous subjects, but puffed. There is not

the pitting upon pressure that we find in cedema, although Lachesis

has that, but there is a puffiness peculiar to Lachesis, fhe f ace loo ks

swollen and inflamed , due to a venous stasis, so that the face is purple

and mottled. Thc^no se is tumid, je t i t will not reniain pitted upon

pre ssure. The lips feel as if inflamed, yet are not inflamed, simply

sensitive to pressure. The face has also an oedematous appearance in

which there is pitting upon pressum, in cardiac affections, in cases of

Bright’s disease. On the other hmd the face becomes very pale, pale

and cold ; the skin covered with scaly eruptions. Eruptions that bleed

easily, with crusty eruptions, with vesicular eruptions. Eruptions that

fill with blood, bloody vesicles and large blood blisters, such as occur

sometimes in burns, with burning. The face becomes jaundiced and

very sallow. At times it takes on the appearance also of a chlorosis.

If you have once seen the chlorotic color, it need not be described. It

is a condition of anaemia, with yellowish pallor, ash colored or grey,

intermingled with a sort of greenish color, so that the ancients often

referred to it as green sickness. Again the face becomes livid and

puffed like the bloated aspect of drunkards, the mottled purple appearance of drunkards who have been drinking for years, until they are

bloated and broken down and have a besotted aspect. You see that in,

Lachesis.

In Lachesis we have a remedy for erysipelas and gangrenous affections, and about the affected part there is the Lachesis appearance,

that is the mottled, purplish appearance. Lachesis has become clinically

a marked remedy for erysipelas and for gangrene. As provers do not

follow up remedies until they produce these things, we have to gather^

6o6

tACH£StS

them from the poisonous effects and clinical observation.

In Lachesis there is oozing of blood around the teeth) the gums

bleed easily. Dry crusts appear upon the teeth in zymotic diseases,

often black formations, sordes, and the tongue takes part in the appearance of the mouth and becomes slick. This occurs in typhoid conditions when there is a total loss of assimilation, the appetite is entirely

gone, the stomach will not take food, and when food is put into the

stomach it is rejected. There is also paresis of the tongue. The

tongue seems to be like leather in the mouth, it is moved with great

difficulty. And the speech is like that of one half intoxicated :

he is unable to articulate. The tongue swells and is protruded very

slowly. It is dry and catches on the teeth and seems to have lost its

stiffness. Seems like a rag, or as if the muscles did not act upon it so

that it cannot be protruded, or if it is protruded it trembles and quivers

and jerks and catches on the teeth. Again it is swollen, it is denuded

of its papillae, and smooth, shiny and glassy as if varnished. In the

mouth there is a soapy appearance of the saliva. The saliva runs into

the mouth copiously and the patient will often lie with the head over

the side of the bed, and the saliva dripping into a pan or commode.

The saliva is stringy and can be pulled out of the mouth in strings ;

white mucus or saliva. This is not an uncommon feature in diphtheria,

in sore throat, in inflammation of the tongue and mouth and gums, and

in inflammation of the salivary glands. When this mucus is thick,

tough, yellow, stringy and ropy it is like Kali bichromicum. You will

often find in severe sore throat that the patient will lie and gag, and

cough, and attempt with difficulty to protrude the tongue to expel the

saliva from the mouth. Very often the pain is so severe in the root of

the tongue that he cannot expel the saliva by the tongue and he will lie

with the open mouth over a commode, or with a cloth over the pillow,

to receive the thick, ropy saliva. In such a state with sore throats,

especially those that commence on the left side and go to the right,

you hardly need to question longer, for it is the aspect of Lachesis.

This state of affairs would lead to Lachesis in ordinary inflammatory

conditions of the tongue and in cancerous affections of the tongue.

Lach. has in its nature the tendency to formation of malignant scabs

and malignant ulcers, such as we find in epithelioma. It has cured a

number of cases of epithelioma. It has been a very useful remedy in

lupus. It is an important remedy in syphilitic sore throat, in syphilitic

ulceration of the throat, tongue and roof of the mouth with this

copious, stingy saliva.

The muscles of the pharynx become paralyzed and will not act, and

hence the food will collect in the pharynx, that is, the bolus to bo

swallowed goes to the pharynx and stops, and then a tremendous effort

at swallowing, with gagging and coughing and spasmodic action of the

chest, takes place in order to carry on respiration, and he will not again

attempt it. This state often occurs with diphtheria. I have a number

of times seen it brought about by the physician, who has, instead of

giving just enough Lachesis, high enough and similar enough to the

disease to cure, given it as low as he could get it, the 8th or loth, dissolved it in water and fed it all through the diphtheritic state. When

you come across cases that have been treated in this way you need not

be surprised if a post-diphtheritic paralysis comes on, because Lachesis

will produce it. It may cure the diphtheria, but it will leave its poisonous effects which will last that patient a lifetime. Every spring the

symptoms of Lachesis will crop out. In all the circumstances of aggravation described the symptoms of Lachesis will crop out if he has once

been poisoned by it.

In the sore throat we have a combination of symptoms. Lachesis

has produced this state, going from left to right : but with the sore

throat there is a sensation of fulness in the neck and throat, difficult

breathing, pallor or plethoric appearance of the face, choking when

going into sleep, the peculiar kind of saliva and aggravation of the

throat symptoms from warm drinks. There is not always an aggravation of the pain itself from warm drinks, but the patient is often unable

to swallow warm fluids. The swallowing of warm fluids often causes

choking, and after a swallow of warm tea is taken the patient will

clutch at the throat and it seems if he would suffocate. He says,

“Ohl do not give me any more w*rra drinks.” Something cold will

relieve. The dyspnoea and the distress about the throat is increased

by swallowing something warm. Now, in the sore throats of Lycopo*

dium, warmth often benefits, but it is also true in some cases of Lycopodium sore throat, they want ctfld drinks and cold feels good to the

throat.

Very often in the more acute symptoms of Lachesis a warm drink in

the stomach is hurtful and causes nausea and suffocation and increases

the choking and palpitation and the fulness in the head, whereas in the

chronic cases of Lachesis, those that have been poisoned years before,

there will be a sensation of nausea and tendency to vomit from taking a

drink of cold water and then lying down. The nausea comes on after

lying down, that is, let the patient take a drink of ice cold water and go

to bed and nausea will come on. Such a state is peculiar to Lachesis.

It has been a later observation of those who have long before proved

lachesis. The symptoms of Lachesis have sometimes to be taken'

years after.

Lachesis has ulcers in the throat. It has aphthous patches, it has red

and grey ulceration, it has deep ulceration. The tendency to ulceration

upon the margins of mucous membranes is peculiar to Lachesis. Also

ulceration upon the skin, where the circulation is feeble. It seems that

6o8

the pain in the throat is particularly marked between the acts of swallowing, and the pressure of the bolus going over the inflamed tonsils

• ▸relieves the pain.
• ▸Always choking when swallowing, choking and gagging in the throat.
• ▸The cough is a choking cough and produces a sensation of tickling.
• ▸This is like the Bell cough.
• ▸Bell antidotes a Lach.

cough, it has a cough so much like Lach. that no one can tell them apart.

Again the throat takes on extreme dryness in Lach., and this dryness is

without thirst, dryness with aversion to water. Much inclination to

swallow ; the tendency is to continuously swallow, yet it is painful.

Empty swallowing is more painfull than the swallowing of solids. Some

Lach. patients suffering from cardiac affections are annoyed with constriction of the throat, choking in the throat when anything warm is

swallowed, and sometimes when going into a warm room, choking and

palpitation of the heart. Tendency to chronic sore throat or recurrent

sore throat and ulceration with every recurring sore throat. Liquids,

of course, you will see, arc analogous to empty swallowing, and empty

swallowing causes more pain than the bolus which presses upon the

sore throat, because it is of the nature of a slight touch. The slight

touch increases the soreness and pain in the throat. Slight pressure of

the collar increases the pain in the throat. With the sore throat the

muscles and glands about tlie neck become painful, inflamed and swollen, and very tender to the touch. With the sore throat, very commonly, there is pain in the base of the brain or in the back of the head,

and soreness of the muscles of the back of the neck, which is often relieved by lying on the back and aggravated by lying on either side. If

you look into the throat it has a mottled, purplish appearance. Put all

these things together, with the copious flow of tenacious saliva, and

you will be able to manage cases of diphtheria that commence on the

left side and spread to the right, whether the membrane is scanty or

copious. Tonsilitis with suppuration of the tonsils, when the left tonsil

becomes inflamed and after a day or two the right one becomes inflamed

and swollen, and they both finally go on to suppuration, or when one

swells and suppurates and the other swells and suppurates. Diphtheritic appearances of the throat, spreading from left to right. The

pharynx is full of thick, white, ropy mucus in the morning ; must hawk

out a mouthful of mucus in the morning.

The abdomen is distended with flatus. The abdomen is tympanitic

in typhoid condition, much rumbling in the distended abdomen. The

clothing cannot be tolerated, not even the slightest touch of the clothing,

and yet it may require hard pressure to bring out soreness that is deep

in the abdomen. This state is as it is in inflammation of bowels, ovaries

and uterus, the patient lies on the back with the clothing lifted from the

abdomen. Violent, labor-like pains, menstrual colic, present in typhoid,

in puerperal fever, in malignant scarlet fever, in the more malignant

afPcctions of zymotic forms of the continued fever.

Lach. has a series of liver troubles with jaundice ; congestion of the

liver, inflammation of the liver, enlarged liver and the nutmeg liver.

Cutting like a knife in the region of the liver. Vomiting of bile ; vomiting of everything taken into the stomach. Extreme nausea ; continuous

nausea witih jaundice. White stool. It has cured cases with gall stone.

“Cannot endure any pressure about the hypochondria.” In the chronic

state the sensitiveness of the skin is so great over the abdomen, and

about the waist and hips, that the wearing of the clothing creates pain,

great restlessness and uneasiness, the patient grows increasingly nervous and finally goes into hysterics. Sensitiveness over the lower

abdomen ; can scarcely allow her clothes to touch her.

It seems strange at first reading that Lachesis can be such a common

remedy at the menstrual period. It is also laid down as a remedy for

the climacteric period. Now if you will study the cases of many

women at the climacteric period you will find that many of them have

the flushes of heat and the surgings in the head and the great circulatory disturbances that are found under Lachesis. This is also true of

the complaints, the headaches, etc., that come in women at the climacteric period and at the menstrual period. The Lachesis symptoms are

strong in women during menstruation. There is ^olent hj^ache,

jjoring pa in in the vertex, nausea and vorni ting during menses^

.Thg^J^scharge in the femaTe, either as a menstrual .flow or as a

hag morrhag e , ^ is black blood. Pain in the left ovarian region, or going

• ▸from left .
• ▸to right.
• ▸Induration of oiic or both ovaries.
• ▸It has cured

suppuration of the ovaries. The uterine region, is very sensitive to

touch, to the slightest contact of the clothing ; in inflammation of the

ovaries, pains in the ovaries and uterus going from left to right. Pains

in the pelvis going upwards to the chest, sometimes a surging of pain

going upwards, grasping the throat. Labor pains surge up, with

clutching at the throat, or the labor pains cease suddenly, with clutching

at the throat, Ih<^jmcnstrual pains^ increase violently until reUeyed

by the flow . The menstrual sufferings are before and after the flowr

with a meliorati on during the flow. Tfle menst rual flow intermits one

day and then g oesln fr for 7^^ during..ihe.Jn^termissiQn^

is likely to be pain or headache .- Menorrhagia with chills at night and

flushes of heat in the daytime. During the menstrual period violent

headache, especially at such times as the flow slackens up. It is a

general featu re of Lachesis to be relieved by discharges. Catamenia^

flot^TButohe hour every day ; on stopping, violent pains follow in region

of left ovary, alternating with gagging and vomiturition.

It is especially useful at the menopause, because of the flushes of

heat. Uterine haemorrhage, fainting spells, suffocation in a warm

room ; orgasm of blood most violent. Complaints during pregnancy.

6io

The general aspect of the patient and the localities will point sometimes to Lachesis. Upon the face there is an appearance of anxiety,

of unrest and distress. The face is spotted or purple and the eyes

are engorged. The eyes look suspicious. If there is an inflamed

spot, it is pu rple. If there Js an inflamed gland, and Lachesis is full

of inflammation of the glands and cellular tissues, there is a purple or

mottled appearance. If there is an ulceration the ulceration bleed s

])lack blo od, which soon coagulates and looks lik*e charred stra\v.

From tKc wounds there is much bleeding. Small wounds bleed much

like Phosphorus and Kreosote. A prick of a pin will ooze great drops

of blood. Ulcers eat in, have false granulations, arc putrid, bleed

easily, and the blood is black, and all round the ulceration there is a

purple, mottled appearance, looking as if about to become gangrenous.

Often gangrene docs come ; gangrene of parts that have been injured.

Sloughing with great ofEensivcncss. The parts tiu*n black and slough.

The veins become varicose. These are found upon the limbs, having

the appearance of the varicose veins that come after gestation. Enlargement of the veins is a prominent condition of Lachesis.

* From tbe ^i^test exertion of the mind or from the slightest

emotion the extremities become cold, the heart becomes very feeble,

the skin is covered with sweat and the head is hot. Warmth docs

not seem to relieve the coldness of the feet and hands ; they arc so cold.

They may be wrapped up in flannels and still they remain cold, but

suffocation is brought on. He cannot breathe and wants the windows

open. It is weakness of the heart ; sometimes so weak that it can

hardly be heard or felt, and the pulse is feeble and intermittent. At

other times there is audible palpitation of the heart.

As we go over the symptoms of the text we will notice something

singular about the complaints, that is, their tendenc y to_ affect the

left sid e, or to be gin on the left and e xtend to the right. The pa ralysis

Te ginT [) y ffa^ua lly appearing weakness upon the left side. Which

extends to tFe“ righ t side. Tt baa a strong affinity for the ovaries,

and in this it will be found that the l eft ova ry is affected lirs^t. So, in

inflammation of the ovaries, the left will be affected first, and later the

right. The inflammation begins on the left side of the th roat and

gradua lly goes to the right. The i left ^dc of the head is commonly

most affected. The left eye hecqnies painful and the pain extends to

the right. The left side of the back of the head, in the occipital headache, will be more affected than the right. This does not always follow,

and if the reverse is true it docs not contra-indicate Each., but such is

the common feature of it. Left upper and right lower has been

observed.

In many symptoms of Lachesis, thcrc ^is jnor nin^ aggravation. This

is the well-knowm Lachesis aggravation after sleep ; the patient will

sleep into the agravation. In the milder symptoms this aggravation

is mild and is not felt until after ^e patient wakes up from a long

sleep, Jmt if the ag gravation i^ one that is of^ considerab le \ ioIgnce,

the patient may feel irimmedi atcly on go ing to sleep , a nd it aro uses

h inT; foFTnstahce, the heart sym ptoms,. As soon as he goes into a

slee p he rouses up with palpitation, with ayspnoca, with suffocation,^

with exhaustion, with vertigo, with pain in the back of the head, and

n iany other circulator y disi urbanccsT ‘

The next most important tiling to be studied is the mental state.

Nothing stands out more boldly than the self-consciousness, the selfconceit, the envy, the hatred, the revenge and the cruelty of the man.

These things, of course, are matters of self-consciousness, an improper

love of self. Confusion of the mind to insanity. All sqrts of impul-

6oo

sivc insanity. The mind is tired. The patient puts on an appearance

like the maudling of a drunkard, talks with thick lips and thick tongue,

blunders and stumbles, only partly finishing words ; the face is purple

and the head is liot. There is choking and the collar is uneasy about

the neck ; and the more uneasiness about the neck, the more choking,

the ntore confusion of mind and the more appearance of intoxication. You will sec if you talk with one who is intoxicated with

whiskey symptoms like Lachesis, he stumbles through, hardly realizing what he says, half finishing his sentences and his words,

leaving his '‘g’s” off all the present participles : he stumbles and blunders, he mutters, and tells you first one thing and then another. These

symptoms are increased under the circumstances mentioned in the

Spring ; in the warm weather following a cold spell ; in rainy weather ;

alter a warm bath ; after sleep. The mental state is large. Jealousy

without an y re ason. Unwarranted jealousy and suspicion. Many

times this m^iclnc has cured suspicion in girls, when they were simply

suspicious of their girl friends. She never sees a whispered conversation going on but they arc talking about her, to her detriment. Suspects that they are contriving to injure her, and she will resort to any

scheme to see if they were not talking of her to her detriment. A

woman imagines that her friends, husband, and children are trying

to damage her ; that her friends arc going to put her in an insane

asylum. Apprehension of the future. Thinks she is going to have

heart disease, and is going insane ; and that people are contriving to

put her in an insane asylum. Imagines her relatives are trying to

poison her and she refuses to eat. She thinks sometimes that it is

only a dream and she can hardly say whether she dreamed it or

whether she thinks it. She thinks she is dead, or dreams that she is

dead, and in the dream preparations are being made to lay her out.

or that she is about to die.

Thinks she is somebody else, and in the hands of a stronger power.

She thinks she is unde r superhuman contro l She is compelled to do

things by spirits. She hears a cbnimand, partly in her dream, that she

must carry out. Sometimes it takes the form of voices in which she

is commanded to steal, to murder, or to confess things she never did,

and she has no peace of mind until she makes a confession of something she has never done. The torture is something violent until she

confesses that which she has not done. Imagines she is pursued.

Imagines that she has stolen something, or that somebody thinks she

has stolen something, and fears the law. She hears voices and warnings, and in the night she dreams about it. The state of torture is

something dreadful, and it then goes into a delirium with muttering.

The delirium is carried on like one muttering when drunk. This state

increases until unconsciousness comes on and the patient enters into a

LACHfiSIS

6oi

coma from which he cannot be aroused. The patient also goes through

periods of violence and violent delirium.

It is full of relig ious insan ity. You will find a dear, sweet old lady,

who has always lived what w^ould be called an upright and pious life,

yet she is not able to apply the promises that are in the Word of God!

to herself ; these things seem to apply to somebody else, but not to her.

She is full of wickedness and has committed the unpardonable sin.

She is compelled to say these things ; she is overwhelmed by these

things and she is going to die and going to that' awful hell that she

reads about. The physician must listen to this with attention. The

physician might make the mistake in this instance of making light of

such feelings. If he does, the patient will not return, and he will be

deprived of the chance of benefiting her. No matter what her , whims

arc, no matter what her religious opinions are, her state of mind must

be treated with respect. It must be treated as if it were so.

She must have sympathy and kindness. It is an unfortunate thing

for a doctor to get a reputation of being an ungodly man, among pious

people, as he will be deprived of doing these people an immense amount

of good. He must be candid with all the whims and notions of the

people that he visits in the world. He must be everybody s friend,

and he can be such without any hyprocrisy if he is simply an upright

and just man.

The state of religious melandhply, with religious insanity, is not

uncommonly attended with muc^ Ipq uacity. with talkativeness, which

Lachesis is full of. It is commonly among women, very seldom among

men, that we find this religious niclancholy. Now, this woman is impelled to tell it ; she will annoy her intimate friends, day and night,

with this story of the damnation o£ her soul and her wickedness and all

the awful things she has done. If you ask her what things she has

committed she will say everything, but you cannot pin her down to the

fact that she has killed anybody. If you allow her to go through with

her story she wall tell you all the crimes in the calendar that she has

committed, although she has been a well-behaved and well-disposed

woman. There is another kind of loquacity belonging to Lachesis.

T he patient is impelled to talk continuau&ly. It is found in another

state in which the patient is compelled to hurry in everything she does,

and wants everybody else to hurry. With that state of hurry is brought

out the loquacity, and this is something far beyond comprehension

until you have once heard it. There is no use attempting to describe

it, it is so rapid, changing from one subject to another. Sentences are

sometimes only half finished ; she takes it for granted that you understand the balance and she will hurry on. Day and night she is wide

awake, and with such sensitiveness to her surroundings that you would

naturally think, from what things she hears and how sh^ is disturbed

6o3

by noise, that she can hear the flies walk upon the walls and the clock

striking upon the distant steeple. You do not get all these things in the

text, you have to sec them applied. But the Aings I give you that are

brought out clinically are those things that have come from applying

the symptoms of the remedy at the bedside to sick folks. “Most extraordinary loquacity, making speeches in very select phrases, but jumping

off to most heterogeneous subjects.” “One word often leads into the

midst of another story.” These states may come on in acute diseases

like typhoid, when it will take the usual typhoid delirium, or they may

come on in conditions like diphtheria, or in any of the diseases that are

characterized by blood poisoning ; they may come on in the puerperal

state, or may take the form of insanity. It is a long acting remedy, and

if it has been abused its effects will last a life time.

In many cases a close co nnection between the mental symptoms and

the h eart symptoms will be noticed, especially in young w omeiT and

girls who have met with dTsappointment, who have been Ipng’awake

nigSte~Because of disturbance of the affections, or from disappointment, or from shattered hopes, or from grief. Prolonged melancholy,

mental depression, hysterical symptoms, weeping, mental prostration

and despair, with pain in the heart, with a gone sensation or sensation

of weakness in the heart, with difficult breathing. She meditates upon

suicide, and finally settles back into an apathetic state, in which there

is an aversion to everything, to work, and even to thinking.

I might impress upon your mind the head symptoms if I related the

case of a patient who described her symptoms probably more typically

than you can find in the books. She was sitting up in bed and unable

to lie down ; she was worse from lying down, her face was purple, her

eyes were engorged, the face puffed and tumid and the eyelids bloated.

She sat there perfectly quiet in bed and described the pain as a surging

sensation, which came up the back of the neck and head and then over

the head. That is a typical feature of Lachesis. A surging in waves.

Waves of pain that are not always synchronous with the pulse. They

■may not relate to the flow of blood at all. Tbe surging is aggravated

by motion, not so much in the act of motion, but after moving. It is

sometimes felt after walking or changing to another place, and sitting

down again ; that is, a few seconds after the motion is completed the

pain begins, and it comes to its height instantly and then gradually

subsides into a very steady surging or a more steady ache. In the head

there is a continuous steady ache, which may be aggravated or aroused

into a surging which is so violent that it seems as if it would take the

life of the patient.

The headache be^ns in the morning on waking. The milder

Lachesis headaches begin in the morning on awaking a nd wear off

after moving abouTa while. With ttic hea4acbo9 and omiplaints in

general there is a momentary vanishing of thought ; all sorts of vertigo*

Vertigo v^^ith nausea and vomiting. The vertigo inclines the patient

to turn to the left.

Lachesis burstiti f r pains in the head: congestive pains with a

feeling as if allthe blood in the body must he in the head, because

the extremities are so cold and the head pulsates and hammers. This

pulsating headache is part of a general pulsation from head to foot.

In all arteries and inflamed parts, there is pulsation. The inflamed

ovary pulsates, and it feels at times as if a little hammer were hammering upon the inflamed part with every pulsation of the artery. Lachesis

has a number of times cured fistula in ano when associated with this

feeling as if a hammer continually hammered the little fistulous pipe.

It has cured fissure of long standing when it felt as if the inflamed part

were being hammered. Haemorrhoids have been cured when this sensation of hammering was present. So that we see this pulsation in the

head is not a special symptom, but is a general symptom, brought out

in relation to the head.

Some symptoms are valuable because of the frequency of their

association, and when such is the case their concomitant relation

becomes important. The cardiac symptoms are frequently connected

with the headache symptoms in Lachesis. It is seldom that you will

see Lachesis headaches without catdiac difficulty. A weak pulse, or

the pulsation felt all over the bo4y> is more or less associated with

violent Lachesis headaches. ^

In the text we find weight add pressure as a strong feature of the

Lachesis head symptoms. With almost any complaint of the body,

with typhoids, at the menstrual period, during the congestive chill,

it seems that the body becomes eold, the extremities become cold, the

knees are cold, the feet are cold, and it is impossible to keep them

warm, while the face is purple and mottled, the eyes are protruding and

engorged, and this awful pain in the head, with a tendency to become

unconscious, incoherent speech, difficulty of articulation, and finally

actual unconsciousness.

In relation to the head symptoms and mind symptoms and the

sensorium in general, the o vers^iisiiheneiJSi^JiL^ ^ found in Lachesi s

ought to be mentioneef hlis symptoms become very intense. The

vision becomes very intense : the hearing becomes intense ; the sense

of touch especially is overwrought. The touch of the clothing becomes

very painful, while hard pressure may be agreeable. The scalp becomes

so sensitive to the touch of the hand that it is painful, while the pressure from a bandage is agreeable. Oversensitive to noise, oversensitive

to motion in the room, to conversation and to others walking over the!

floor. By these circumstances the pains are increased. The patient

becomes extremely sensitive throughout all the senses of the body^

LM:H£5IS

604:

The oversensitiveness to touch is probably extensively in the skin,

because of the fact that hard pressure often gives relief. In one who is

suffering from peritonitis, from inflammation of the ovaries or uterus,

or any of the abdominal viscera, the skin is so sensitive to the clothing)

that contrivances are sometimes necessary to relieve the* suffering from

the touch of the bed clothing. Something in the form of a hoop will

be found in the bed, or the patient will have the knees drawn up, or

with the hands will hold the clothing from touching the body. Tha

ordinary weight of the hand may bring out the soreness that is in the

abdomen, which is an entirely different soreness, whereas the clothing touching the abdomen only brings out the oversensitiveness of thei

skin. The mere touch of the skin with the finger or hand is unbearable.

There are many inflammatory and congestive conditions of the eyes.

The eye symptoms are worse after sleep, and the eyes are oversensitive to touch and light. With the eye symptoms we have headaches,

because the brain and eyes arc so closely associated. In the sore,

throats, when the spatula or tongue depressor happens to touch the

wall of the throat, the tonsil, or the root of the tongue, there is a feeling

as if the eyes would be pressed out. Violent pain in the eyes fromi

touching the throat. Lachesis is a great jaundice medicine, because

it produces much disturbance in the liver. Yellowness of the skin and

whites of the eyes, and thickening of tissues about the eyes. “Fistula

lachrymalis,’' which is accompanied by long standing eruptions about

the face.

Oversensitiveness of the meatus auditorus externus. Anything introduced into the canal of the ear will cause violent, spasmodic coughing and tickling in the throat. So sensitive is the mucous membrane

of the ear that a violent cough, like whooping cough, will come on £rom>

touching the mucous membrane of the ear. This only shows the oversensitiveness of reflexes, and the oversensitiveness in general. With

the hearing there is the same oversensitiveness that we have spoken

of elsewhere. The Eustachian tube becomes closed with a catarrhal

thickening, stricture of the Eustachian tube.

The catarrhal symptoms of the nose are prominent. F requent

bleeding of the nose ai^ b ody, wa te ry discharge from the nose. Always

taking cold tiT the nose. St uffing up of the nose, with disturbance of

smell. O ycrsensitiy en^.s to sm ell, and^pver^sit ive ness to odors.

finally loss of smell. Lachesis has inflammatory conditions, very

'eftronte^ with crusty formations in jdie nose, sneezing,

watery disc harges from the nose and catarrhal headac hes. S ometimes

tEe“liea3acEe goes off when th e catarrhal discharge comes. a ndT when the

"cafaifh^'disc^^^ headache comes on. Violent headache

with dischafigeT mth sneezing and coryza. Congestive headaches with

coryza. This catarrhal condition has led to the use oT Lachesis in

lACHESlS

syphilis. It is sufficiently similar to cope with the severe forms of nasal

syphilis ; syphilis where it has affected the nasal mucous membrane,

producing crusts and finally affecting the bones. Focid ozcena ; very

offensive discharges from the nose. Bleeding from the nose need not

surprise you, because Lachesis is a hai^morrhagic remedy. The blood

from the nose or any part, when it dries or clots, looks like charred

straw or becomes black. Parts bleed easily. Copious and prolonged

uterine haemorrhage, copious and prolonged menstruation, bleeding

from the nose, vomiting of blood, haemorrhage from the bowels in

typhoids. ‘'Great sensitiveness of the nostrils and lips, swelling of

the lips, great swelling and tumefaction of the nose in old cases of

syphilis."' The nose swells up and becomes purple. The nasal bones

are very sore, soreness upon sides of the nose. Lachesis is an especially useful medicine in old drunkards who have red nose, and in

heart affections with red nose. A red knob on the end of the nose, a

strawberry nose.

Bushmaster or Surucucu (LACHESIS)

• ▸Like all snake poisons, Lachesis decomposes the blood, rendering it more fluid; hence a haemorrhagic tendency is marked.
• ▸Purpura, septic states, diphtheria, and other low forms of disease, when the system is thoroughly poisoned and the prostration is profound.
• ▸The modalities are most important in guiding to the remedy.
• ▸Delirium tremens with much trembling and confusion.
• ▸Very important during the climacteric and for patients of a melancholic disposition.
• ▸Ill effects of suppressed discharges.
• ▸Diphtheritic paralysis (Botulinum).
• ▸Diphtheria carriers.
• ▸Sensation of tension in various parts.
• ▸Cannot bear anything tight anywhere.